Which phase follows the bidding or negotiation phase in plant construction?

The construction phase directly follows the bidding or negotiation phase in plant construction. After the contracts have been finalized through bidding, the construction phase commences, where the actual building and assembly of the plant facilities take place. This stage involves the physical labor required to realize the designs and plans developed in earlier phases, leading to the creation of the infrastructure needed for the plant's operation.

During the construction phase, various tradespeople and engineers collaborate to ensure that all components are built to specification, and safety regulations are adhered to. This phase is crucial as it translates all prior planning and negotiation into tangible structures and systems.

The pre-commissioning phase, while important, typically comes after the construction phase. It involves testing and preparing the systems for operation but does not occur immediately after negotiation.

The commissioning phase follows pre-commissioning and focuses on assuring that the plant operates as intended.

The planning phase occurs even before bidding and negotiation, setting the groundwork for all subsequent phases. Thus, the construction phase is the most accurate answer to follow the bidding or negotiation phase.